In recent years, dental plaque has been identified as a biofilm, and the structure, microbiology, and pathophysiology of dental biofilms have been described. The formation of dental plaque biofilms includes a series of steps that begins with the initial colonization of the pellicle and ends with the complex formation of a mature biofilm. It is a sticky colorless deposit at first, but when it forms tartar, it is often brown or pale yellow.
Dental plaque and plaque as biofilm
Plaque formation involves the interaction between early bacterial colonisers and this film (the acquired enamel.
It is commonly found between the teeth, on the front of teeth, behind teeth, on chewing surfaces, along the gumline, or below the gumline cervical margins.
The initial attachment of bacteria begins with pellicle formation. A period of rapid growth then occurs, and an exopolysaccharide matrix is produced. Dental plaque is a complex biofilm that accumulates on the hard tissues (teeth) in the oral cavity. Formation/development of dental plaque pellicle is the initial organic structure that forms on the surfaces of the teeth and artificial prosthesis.
Microbial biofilms are complex communities of bacteria and are common in the human body and in the environment.
Four potential incentives behind the formation of biofilms by bacteria during infection are considered: (1) protection from harmful conditions in the host (defense), (2. This common dental condition is caused by certain types of bacteria in biofilms that prefer acidic conditions. Dental plaque is a biofilm of microorganisms that grows on surfaces within the mouth.
The first step of biofilm formation requires the firm attachment of salivary glycoproteins or salivary pellicle to the tooth surface.
The pellicle is formed immediately after toothbrushing by salivary glycoproteins binding to the enamel. The pattern of plaque biofilm development can be divided into three phases: The nature of the biofilm enhances the component bacteria’s resistance to both the host’s defense. Dental plaque is the diverse microbial community found on the tooth surface embedded in a matrix of polymers of bacterial and salivary origin.
Plaque contains a variety of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix of polymers.
Distinct stages in plaque formation include: Once a tooth surface is cleaned, a conditioning film of proteins and glycoproteins is adsorbed rapidly to the tooth surface. May form on a wide variety of surfaces, living tissues, indwelling medical devices, water system piping, natural aquatic systems. The first stage in pellicle formation involves adsorption of salivary proteins to apatite surfaces.
Formation of the mature, subgingival plaque biofilms (figure 7).
A diet that is high in sugar helps these bacteria form acids that weaken the enamel of teeth and. Mutans biofilms significantly (p <.05). Plaque biofilm assists in its control (figure 6). Attachment of bacteria to a solid surface;
Dental plaque biofilms exist on a variety of tooth surfaces including fissues, smooth surfaces and gingival crevices, however they are most likely to be seen in their mature state in the more.
During the steady state, the biofilm reaches growth equilibrium. Dental plaque is also known as. As the journal of pathology, microbiology and immunology review details, there are three main types of oral diseases that are caused by dental biofilms: Although over 500 bacterial species comprise plaque, colonization follows a regimented pattern with adhesion of initial colonizers to the enamel salivary pellicle followed by secondary colonization th.
Dental plaque has been studied as an interesting example of a complex community that lives in biofilms.
Biofilm formation begins with the adherence of bacteria to a tooth surf ace, followed by a lag phase in which changes in genetic expression (phenotypic shifts)occur. Plaque can also develop between the teeth and the gingival crevice making it even more difficult to remove. 3 this salivary pellicle is different from plaque, which is loosely bound to teeth. Formation of microcolonies on the surface;
